Follow-up for cryptorchidism

• Most men who had one undescended testicle as a child can still have children later in life. If surgery (orchidopexy) is done before 18 months of age, fertility is nearly the same as men without the condition.
• Men who had two undescended testicles have a higher risk of infertility later in life. Your doctor can discuss any concerns about fertility and reproductive health when appropriate.
• Boys with an undescended testicle also have a higher risk of testicular cancer. Regular testicular self-examination during and after puberty is recommended.
• Boys with retractile testicles usually don’t need treatment but should be checked regularly until puberty to monitor their condition.

Infertility means not being able to get pregnant after trying for a certain period of time. For most couples, this is defined as not conceiving after one year of regular, unprotected sex.

This chapter contains general information about cryptorchidism. If you have any specific questions about cryptorchidism you should consult your doctor or other professional healthcare provider. No website or leaflet can replace a personal conversation with your doctor.

Last updated: July 2026

Reviewed by (2026 update): 

• Dr. Uchenna Kennedy (EAU Guidelines Panel on Paediatric Urology)