Illustration of a blue bacteria.

Urinary tract infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) happen when bacteria enter and grow in the urinary tract. They can affect different parts of the urinary system, from the bladder (cystitis) to the kidneys (pyelonephritis). Symptoms and treatment depend on where the infection is located and your individual situation. Some UTIs require antibiotics, while others may not need treatment. Preventative measures can help decrease the likelihood of recurrence.

This chapter provides general information about urinary infections. It is not a replacement for professional medical advice or treatment. Always consult your doctor or healthcare provider for guidance on your specific medical situation.

Last updated: April 2026

Reviewed by: 

  • Prof. Dr. Adrian Pilatz (EAU Guidelines Panel on Urological Infections)