Possible treatments
What is pyelonephritis?
Pyelonephritis is a kidney infection that happens when bacteria travel up from the bladder. It can make you feel very unwell, with symptoms like fever, back pain, nausea, vomiting, and pain when peeing. It’s more serious than a regular urinary tract infection (UTI) and needs medical treatment, usually with antibiotics. If it’s not treated, it can cause serious problems like damage to the kidneys or sepsis (blood poisoning).
This chapter contains general information about pyelonephritis. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment. Always consult your doctor or healthcare provider for guidance on your individual medical situation.
Last updated: October 2025
Reviewed by:
- Dr. Clara Cerrato (YAU Working Group Infections in Urology)
- Prof. Gernot Bonkat (Guideline Panel on Urological Infections)