This section offers general information. Your specific treatment will be recommended by your doctor based on your individual needs. Individual recommendations may depend on your country and health care system. The treatment you have will depend on: what you prefer what your doctor thinks is best for your type of cancer which treatments are available
Home Know your risk Diagnosis Treatments Living with Penile Cancer About the Penis The penis is the male sex organ and can be divided into three parts: the root or base of the penis, the body of the penis and the end of the penis (glans penis) which may also be covered by a layer
Home Treating Early Penile Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy for Advanced Penile Cancer Surgery Clinical Trials Radiation therapy is the use of high-energy x-rays to kill cancer cells. It can be directed at cancer from outside of the body (external beam radiotherapy) or from within the body (brachytherapy). Both types of radiotherapy can be used to
Home Urinary Problems Psychological Impact Urinary Catheters Lymphoedema All treatment for penile cancer will alter the appearance of the penis and may affect sexual function. It is very important that both you and your partner are aware of these issues, and work through them together. Men may feel less masculine and worry that they will
Home Psychological Impact Sexual Impact Urinary Catheters Lymphoedema Urinary Problems Surgery or radiotherapy to the penis will cause swelling and inflammation, and this may affect the urethra or “water pipe” causing the urinary stream to spray. It may settle as the penis heals but can sometimes be permanent. Men who have had a total or
Home About Penile Cancer Know your risk Treatments Living With Penile cancer is commonly diagnosed by taking samples of a suspected cancerous area (biopsy) or removing a small area of skin (wide local excision), from the penis. It may also be diagnosed following circumcision (surgical removal of the foreskin). A scientist examines the samples under
Home Treating Early Penile Cancer Radiotherapy for Localised Penile Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy for Advanced Penile Cancer Clinical Trials Surgery The aim of all surgery is to preserve as much of the penis as possible while removing all of the cancer. Surgery will change the appearance of your penis and you should discuss how the
Home Treating Early Penile Cancer Radiotherapy for Localised Penile Cancer Surgery Clinical Trials Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be used to treat penile cancer which has spread to other areas of the body such as lymph nodes or other organs. This is called metastatic disease. External beam radiotherapy External beam radiotherapy (radiotherapy from outside the body)
Home Radiotherapy for Localised Penile Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy for Advanced Penile Cancer Surgery Clinical Trials Topical Treatments (creams) Chemotherapy -5-fluorouracil (Effudex™) This is a type of chemotherapy cream which is applied to the penis for around 4 – 6 weeks. Chemotherapy works by destroying cancer cells but may also affect some healthy cells on
Prostate Cancer Risks and Symptoms Treatments About the Prostate Reoccurrence What is it like living with prostate cancer? Living with prostate cancer can affect your everyday life, work, and relationships. You may experience side effects from treatment, even when the treatment has finished, which can affect your physical health. You may also be worried about
Monitoring Surgery Hormone Therapy Radio Therapy Chemotherapy Other Treatments What treatments are available for prostate cancer? There are different treatments for prostate cancer. The treatment you are offered will vary depending on your age, overall health, and your tumour’s stage and grade. Your doctor will discuss the results from your diagnostic tests and your treatment
Urologic cancers are a collection of diseases related to the genitourinary system of both men and women. These diseases are caused by cells that no longer work properly. These abnormal cells grow uncontrolled in the body. Read more about what cancer is on the page 'What is cancer?', and how to cope with cancer. On
About the disease Know your risk Diagnosis Treatments Living with Penile Cancer Penile Cancer Penile cancer is very rare. Only 1 man in 100,000 will be affected and roughly 36,000 men will be diagnosed globally each year. It is most often diagnosed in men over the age of 60 years, but younger men can also
Prostate Cancer Risks and Symptoms Treatments Living with Prostate Cancer Reoccurrence What is the prostate? The prostate is a small gland that forms part of a man’s reproductive system. It is about the size of a golf ball and surrounds the tube that empties urine from the bladder, called the urethra. It is normal for
What is primary urethral cancer? You have been diagnosed with primary urethral cancer. This means you have a cancerous growth (malignant tumour) in your urethra. The urethra carries urine out of the body from the bladder, also known as urinary bladder. In men, the urethra runs through the prostate and the penis (Fig. 1). In women,
Partial urethrectomy Partial urethrectomy: If your cancer is limited to the part of the urethra nearest the opening, but still close to the tip, partial removal of the urethra (urethrectomy) with penile preservation may be the best option. Your doctor might also recommend removal of enlarged lymph nodes to rule out metastasis. The main goal
Cancers Bladder cancer Kidney cancer Penis cancer Primary urethral cancer Prostate cancer Testicular cancer Urachal cancer Other diseases Benign prostatic enlargement Duplex congenital malformations of the urinary tract Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Cryptorchidism or undescended or hidden testicles Erectile dysfunction Kidney and ureteral stones Male hypogonadism Male infertility Neurourological disorders Nocturia Overactive bladder syndrome Penile
Urologic conditions Download information for patients about urologic conditions. Click on the links below to read or download the patient information leaflet. Benign prostatic enlargement Bladder cancer Congenital Malformation in the Urinary Tract Chronic pelvic pain syndrome Cryptorchidism Erectile dysfunction Kidney cancer Kidney and ureteral stones Male hypogonadism Male infertility Nocturia Overactive bladder syndrome Penile
There are numerous treatments for urologic cancers and other diseases. On this page you will find an overview of the treatments from A-Z and the treatments per disease. Go directly to Treatments A-Z Treatments per disease Treatments A-Z A Ablation therapy Active surveillance Anti-androgen therapy Anti-angiogenic therapy Autologous Fascial Sling Artificial compression devices in men
What is radiation therapy? Radiation therapy is well-established as a treatment for cancer. High-energy radiation is used to destroy cancer cells. It can be done with external beam radiation therapy or internal radiation therapy, also called brachytherapy. Usually, no numbing medication (anaesthesia) is needed for radiation therapy. External beam radiation therapy is a treatment option
Home Urinary Problems Sexual Impact Urinary Catheters Lymphoedema Counselling A diagnosis of cancer can be a frightening experience and you may feel quite isolated with a mix of emotions. Once diagnosed, treatment follows quickly, and this can leave you in a state of shock while also feeling very vulnerable. Discovering that you have cancer often
Home Urinary Problems Psychological Impact Sexual Impact Urinary Catheters The Lymphatic System and Lymph Nodes The lymphatic system transports a fluid called lymph. Lymph fluid will contain various cells and substances that the body no longer needs. Lymph passes through small oval structures called lymph nodes. These filter out unwanted substances. Cancer can travel in
Home Urinary Problems Psychological Impact Sexual Impact Lymphoedema Some surgery for penile cancer will require a urinary catheter (urinary drainage tube) to be inserted into your bladder. This may need to stay in for several days. A urinary catheter is a plastic tube that drains urine from the bladder. It is connected to a leg
Home Treating Early Penile Cancer Radiotherapy for Localised Penile Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy for Advanced Penile Cancer Surgery Clinical trials are used to try and improve ways of treating cancer or reducing possible side effects of treatment. If you are being treated for penile cancer which has spread to other areas of your body, you
Home About Penile Cancer Diagnosis Treatments Living with Penile Cancer Symptoms Possible symptoms of penile cancer may include: Penis Rash Growth/lesion/lump Swelling Bleeding Ulcer Discharge Change in colour of foreskin. Groin Lumps felt under skin in the groin area. Any abnormal rash, lesion, ulcer, or discharge, on or from the penis should be checked by
Testicular Cancer Living With Testosterone Replacement Therapy Recurrence How will treatment for testicular cancer affect fertility? Orchidectomy Having one testicle removed will not affect sexual performance and will not normally affect fertility. You may be advised to perform sperm banking prior to an orchidectomy if it is likely that further treatment with chemotherapy may be
Testicular Cancer Orchidectomy Chemotherapy Radiotherapy Clinical Trials What is a Retro Peritoneal Lymph Node Dissection (RPLND) If there is evidence that cancer cells have spread to lymph nodes in the abdomen, surgery to remove them may be recommended. This is performed under a general anaesthetic. An incision is made into the abdomen and the lymph
Urinary incontinence Treatment options What is it like living with urinary incontinence? Urinary incontinence can be an embarrassing and isolating condition and can negatively affect your physical and mental health. Although it is not an illness in the same way as diabetes or cancer, or life-threatening in itself, urinary incontinence can nevertheless have a huge
What does the prostate do? The prostate makes a thick white fluid that mixes with sperm from your testicles to make semen. It also produces a protein called prostate-specific antigen or PSA. PSA helps reduce the thickness of semen, so it is thinner and more fluid. Protein: Proteins are found in every cell in the
About chronic pelvic pain syndrome What is pain? Pain alerts us to an injury, allowing us to protect our bodies. While everyone has their own way of describing pain, the widely accepted definition that it’s an unpleasant sensation. Pain is something that we feel. It can range from mild discomfort to unbearable agony. It can
The European Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) Educational Programme The programme will be presented at the Patient Information Prostate Cancer Session, Friday 9 July, 11:30 – 12:30, Virtual Room 10. About the Programme The ADT Educational Programme helps prostate cancer patients manage the side effects of ADT through an interactive programme built around the book Androgen
What is male infertility? Male infertility means not being able to father children. Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve spontaneous pregnancy in one year. If the cause of the fertility problem is found in the man, this is male infertility. Male infertility is found in approximately half of all childless
What is male hypogonadism? Male hypogonadism means the testicles do not produce enough of the male sex hormone testosterone. When levels are low, men might have decreased sex drive, less muscle mass, erectile dysfunction, and fatigue. Hypogonadism has a negative effect on organ function and quality of life. Testosterone is responsible for male reproductive and
What is BPE? The prostate is a small gland that forms part of a man’s reproductive system. It surrounds the urethra tube that empties urine from the bladder. Benign prostatic enlargement, or BPE, is the medical term for an enlarged prostate, a condition that is common in men over 50. In BPE, the enlarged prostate
What is cryptorchidism? The failure of the testicles (or “testes”) to descend into the scrotum (the skin sac below the penis) is called “cryptorchidism”. It is also called having hidden or undescended testicles. The condition is generally uncommon but often affects boys born prematurely. As a male foetus grows, the testicles appear in the abdomen
If a tumour has grown into surrounding tissue, removing it surgically is the best chance of cure. If the tumour is in your penis tissue, some or all of your penis might need to be removed to get rid of the cancer. A recommendation of penectomy raises many questions. Talk with your doctor about your
About hormone therapy What is hormone therapy? Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among men. But advances in science mean, in most cases, it is a treatable condition. Hormone therapy is an effective treatment for prostate cancer that aims to stop the cancer from growing. The type of hormone therapy you are
What is radical prostatectomy? Radical prostatectomy is the removal of the entire prostate and the seminal vesicles. For radical prostatectomy you will receive general anaesthesia. Discuss with your doctor the advantages and disadvantages of radical prostatectomy and if it is right for you. Who are candidates for radical prostatectomy? Benign prostate enlargement (BPE)Because transurethral resection
After removal of your bladder (cystectomy), you’ll need a new way to store and pass urine without a bladder. To do this, your surgeon will create a urinary diversion. The three most commonly used urinary diversions are discussed: The ileal conduit (with urostoma) The neobladder (with internal urine pouch) Rerouting ureters through the skin (ureterocutaneostomy)
The mainstay of treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer is surgical removal of the urinary bladder. Your doctor has several reasons for recommending removal of the whole bladder: Presence of a muscle-invasive tumour Presence of a tumour that grows aggressively (high grade), that has multiple cancerous areas (multifocal), or that is superficial, but has recurred after
Side effects during treatment Radiotherapy affects people in different ways, so it's difficult to predict exactly how you will react. Some people have only mild side effects but for others the side effects are more severe. Some of the main side effects are explained below. Tiredness and weakness Most people feel tired while they are
