Bladder cancer

Bladder cancer happens when unusual cells grow in the bladder. This guide helps you understand the symptoms, causes, and treatment options so you can make informed choices about your health.

This chapter contains general information about bladder cancer. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment. Always consult your doctor or healthcare provider for guidance on your individual medical situation.

Last updated: April 2026

Reviewed by (2026 update): 

  • Dr. Laura Mertens (EAU Guidelines Panel on Muscle-invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer)
  • Prof. Dr. Antoine Van Der Heijden (EAU Guidelines Panel on Muscle-invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer)